Elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels can indicate the presence of prostate cancer, although PSA levels are also elevated in some nonmalignant conditions, which affects the reliability of prostate cancer prediction. PSA levels rise sharply in patients with aggressive prostate cancer, and a recent study suggested that the rate of increase (PSA velocity) could predict life-threatening prostate cancer 10–15 years before diagnosis. Ulmert and colleagues evaluated data from the Malmö Preventative Medicine population-based study to compare the accuracy of a single PSA measurement versus PSA velocity in the long-term prediction of prostate cancer diagnosis.
Nature Clinical Practice Oncology (2008) 5, 302
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